Biography of harun al rashid and charlemagne

8th–9th-century political relationship

There was an Abbasid–Carolingian alliance during the 8th and 9th centuries, effected through a series of embassies, rapprochements and combined military operations between the FrankishCarolingian Empire and the Abbasid Caliphate.^[1][2][3]

The alliance is likely to have formed first between Pepin the Short and al-Mansur, and later to have continued under Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid.

Biography of harun al rashid and charlemagne

These contacts followed the intense conflict between the Carolingians and the Emirate of Córdoba, marked by the Battle of Tours in 732, and were aimed at establishing a counter-alliance with the 'faraway' Abbasid Empire based in the Near East.

Slightly later, another Carolingian-Abbasid alliance was attempted in a conflict against the Byzantine Empire.

Primary sources

Direct evidence for Abbasid–Carolingian diplomacy comes almost entirely from Frankish (Latin) sources.

These are mostly conte