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    John James Cowperthwaite

    British colonial administrator

    Sir John James Cowperthwaite, KBE, CMG (Chinese: 郭伯偉爵士; 25 April 1915 – 21 January 2006), was a British civil servant who served as Financial Secretary of Hong Kong from 1961 to 1971.

    His introduction of free marketeconomic policies are widely credited with turning postwar Hong Kong into a thriving global financial centre.[1] During Cowperthwaite's tenure as Financial Secretary, real wages in Hong Kong rose by 50% and the portion of the population in acute poverty fell from 50% to 15%.[2]

    Early years

    Cowperthwaite was born on 25 April 1915 in Edinburgh to John Cowperthwaite, a surveyor of taxes, and Jessie Jarvis.[3] He attended Merchiston Castle School in Edinburgh, Scotland, and later studied classics at St Andrews University and Christ's College, Cambridge.

    In 1940, he returned to St Andrews and gained a first class degree in economics on an accelerated one year degree programme wi